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Preparation of raw materials for traditional Chinese medicine decoction

the "Tsui", "casual cook," "Pieces," "thick at the end," distinction. The first time in Chinese medicine decoction in the boiling more Tsui (Tsui is the ancient preparation method was used to mouth the drug, such as soy beans the size of small bite into the water decoction). After the Tang will be the end of the form of crude decoction of the application referred to as "casual cook." Song yuan due to the effects of war, lack of medicine, in the contemporary physicians, such as Liu Hejian, Zhang and Zhu Dan-xi, Li Dongyuan such as promoted by the application casual cook enough to overcome the drug source. Goes back to literature, increase drug usage Jianfu bulk and blunt, scattered, from the "Nei Jing", "typhoid fever", "Jin Kui" to "daughter", "step outside", there is an initial development, and to the Song Dynasty " Taiping Benevolent Dispensary side "wellman Bureau has conducted a comprehensive promotion. Ming and Qing dynasties after the drug itself, noted the beauty of shape, so that began Pieces, reducing the bulk boiling applications.

From "Tsui", "cook casual" to Pieces, in the process, said is an improvement. Pieces shape due to appearance, when the easy-to-proofing formula. Pieces have a certain thickness, but a certain size, and even some run out of material, through the short boiling time, drugs active ingredients are not all fried up and go with the dregs of discarded waste. If decoction can not law, Poria, Chinese yam and drugs like fried or dry after the central part of the, date, Codonopsis, after frying, or sweet.

In recent years, some units proposed to the end of decoction rough, not only saving medicines, but also can improve the clinical efficacy. Some research cook casual, unilateral choice of licorice, saying that taking prescription 1 / 2 volume, crushed into 2 mm particles, with the full amount of Pieces boiling under the same conditions, and then follow the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" glycyrrhizic acid content were measured, the effect of decoction are as follows.

This is because the drug as a thick broken end of a unit volume of drugs reduced boiling with the water contact surface increases, heat easily deep into the drug house, drug active ingredients to easily boiled. Some experiments show that most of the various types of medicinal herbs and compound the Pieces, after a broken up or crushed, the rate of its fried out better. Hard texture, such as herbs, organizational structure, strict, then the volume of the smaller fry out of the more more; texture of soft, loose organization of medicine, generally in the rough conditions of the end of the specifications sheet, can all fried out. Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Province after more than 300 cases of clinical trials found that the use of crude decoction of the end of Jianfu and blunt to fine powder, the utilization rate of efficacy than the decoction Jianfu Pieces increased by 20% ~ 30%. It was obtained in experimental studies, using decoction Pieces volume 1 / 3 or 1 / 2 of herbs, called later to take a small grinder shatter into fiery hemp seed or bean large (diameter about 2 ~ 4 mm in size), the use of package fried, obtained liquid quality and Pieces Jianfu similar to the decoction. Chongqing Yinqiaosan mostly of rough at the end Jianfu, the late Chinese Medicine Research Institute in Beijing, Pu Fuzhou old Chinese cook powder commonly used in clinical practice, treatment and patient responses are generally very good, traditional Chinese medicine in clinical practice have shown that the use of 1 / 3 the amount of the soup side, crushed into rough at the end for taking casual cook and does not reduce the clinical effects. However, medicine can not be crushed too fine, because if crushed so small, so that a large number of animal and plant cell disruption, and many elements have also been ineffective leaching, finished formulations prone to precipitation. In determining the crush degrees, should be based on medicinal herbs and the nature of the solvent, water as solvent, the powder should thicken; to alcohol as a solvent, the powder should be more detailed. Organization of loose herbs, flowery, leaves, powder should be more coarse. Organization of close roots, stems class medicine, the powder should be more detailed. Right contains a lot of starch, phlegmatic medicinal ingredients in order to cut Pieces as well because such drugs to fine in the boiling process frequently accumulate in the bottom of the container can not be spread, in direct fire (Wu Huo) boiling under the prone coking.

order to make the active ingredients of drugs out of easy-to-fry, where the preparation of decoction of the herbs used to be cut into Pieces or coarse particles, the particle size so that it not a paste in the boiling time is appropriate.

Slices of thickness should be based on ingredients contained in the texture and the nature of the active ingredient. In theory, the Pieces thinner the better, this time water and drugs, the greater the contact area, the active ingredients faster exudation, leaching the material the more it is in line with the proliferation of law, the experiments also demonstrated by Xie Xin Tang the determination of total anthraquinone, coarse particles can increase the compound decoction of the main component of the extraction.

However, practice proved that the herbs cut into appropriate size and thickness of the Pieces, is better than breaking into coarse particles, because the chopped herbs tissue damage than the little broken, which is less leaching of impurities. Is conducive to boiling and filtration to ensure quality.
Degree of crushing the drug should follow: ① the whole grass, flowers, leaves and loose texture of medicine, its degree of crushed boiled did not affect the rate, there is no need to crush; ② for the texture of a solid root, roots, seeds and fruits Class herbs, crushed into granules, both increase the rate of fried out, but also to save medicine; ③ phlegmatic more herbs, fried with good results using Pieces. Because it will increase the liquid viscosity, smashing, negative spread.
Then the amount of the size of the traditional Chinese medicine, how, and fried liquid quality and the relationship between the clinical efficacy do? Some experiments confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions used excessive and does not increase the dose increased by a rate coefficient of fried, in other words, the clinical application of Chinese medicine, such as excessive dose not pay attention to boiling, drugs destroyed many of the active ingredients wasted. Again from the role of drugs of view, within a certain range of drug concentrations increase, its role in increasing, each time, if the maximum effects of drugs after they increase their concentration can not increase its role, or even achieve the opposite result.